Hypodermic syringe and the like



8.1811. l2, 1932.' v v MJNEVIN 'HYPoDERMic-SYRINGE AND THE LIKE Filed April 9, 1929 lNVENTOR ng- AT ORNEYS 'di is no chance for thesetoxic substances and@l modification oftheigasket shown Fig, 3 'kan due to release of the pressure lof Ithe hand, the ket shown in Eig. 3.

'F7' I employ a removable ampule as described These holes pass lcompletely through the; 95

menen aan, 193g y '1,840,788

Ebf'Sr v omer:

tvThisinvention relates tb'hypoderm-ic syP and advantages will appear fromaiconsidera. in es 'andthejlike' v tion 'of the drawings and the detail descrpf he liqiid introduced' hypodermie'ally by a tion hereinafter-set forth, whentaken incoar; M syringe `s ould be prepared and maintained junctionwith the claims. ini aseptic ocrndition. That is,`it should be Preferredforms of -he"nventiorrare shown 51E free from bacteria` and similar bodies and itv in the drawings, in vvhichpl should lnot contain toxic substances which if .F igJl-isa longitudinal sectional view-of a present in sufiicientamount, might be harmhypodermic syringe showing the linventioni ful when'introduced hypodermically'into a embodied therein;. 1 a l -l'i' patient.- lt has been found difficult in using Fig.l .2is an enlarged 'detail yiewsof the? th' type of hypodermic syringe heretofore' parts.,arrangednftheorderof theiriassemfg employedito always maintain the liquid in bly for allowing the plunger, to movelin, one, an asepticeondition. This is due to an eiect directionlbutfpreyenting its motion inthe o1 -which occurs in the use of the syringe. For posits direction';i."j

111" examplefwhen a syringe is employed in an .Flgiis an enlarged detail plan view ,offthe E infected area, the tip of the needle may rest' gasket shown'in.l4,`ig-.-1 pierced with pin 'holes ina position surrounded'j by toxic substances acting as a valve to obstruct back llowgoji or' germs,` As long asI the aseptic ilu-id is liquida y forced into the area through the` needle, there I Fig. 4 isan enlargeddetail plan .view-ga erms to" enter the'lumen and mount into the -and., v A. Interior voff the syringe, butv the instant the =F1g. 5 isanfenlarged detail Side View partly pressure of the plungerv on the liquid "ceases7 1nsect1on of another modlcation of the gasplunger tends to move back in a `direction Referringto Figslaixd 3, the syringe. co m 'In away from the needle and 'a back flow occurs prises an elongated cylindrical barrel ori c sucking the obiectionabl'e toxic matter back' frame l-exteriorly'threaded at one end to resi into'the ampule, cartridge or other container -ceive a cap 2. The other end of the'barrel, is

, ofthe liquid;l As soon as this occurs .the liqn interiorly threaded to Vreceive a' capS having" 5"* uid therein becomes contaminated with .these an exteriorly threaded plug 4; and a lange y5, 811 objectionable bodies andl loses its aseptic na-A abuttingthe-end of thebarrel The outer ture'. ,When the syringe is then withdrawn endof cap 3 is'provided vc'ithanv exteriorl rom'the infected area and' plunged intofa threadedextension `Shaving 'a small bore healthy area', the Huid Awhich is now contami extending through to. la curyedrecessor seatl it" nated flows into this area and -tends to 8-.on the inner aceuothe plug L This seat 8E up an infection or to give it a' toxicv codil Sis preferably rovidedwitharesilent packtl I ing or softru bergasket 9 Withwhich the The principal object ofthe presentfinven--' end of a 'glassfampu e 10 is adapted to make. tion accordingly is to providesJ simpleian'd duid-tight connection after, the end of the 4 eil'icient means to avoid contaminationo the ampule has been brkento release. the aseptic 99' syringe liquid asindicated.l -Another'object vHuid therein. of' the invention is to prov/ideenv inexpensive The gasket 9 as -shown in Figs. 1 and 3, is device of this` kind which may be easily kept funnel-shaped terminating at itssmaller end clean. "Another object of the invention, when in av ofor 11 which is pierced With holes l2.`

- tion.

in the preferred embpdiment of the invention loor.v They are here shown slightly exaggerbelowpis to provide a simple and v'eiicient ated in diameter. They are made by piercing means to avoid accidental disengagement of the rubber With a' piercingftoolwhose di-1 the ampule'from its holding means.v Il; ameter is not greater` than that of anordinary Further and 'more specic'objects,features straight pinL After this tool has passed 300 through, the holes are scarcely visible because the rubber collapses so that the holes are substantially closed up. Upon distending the rubber as by stretching it, the holes become visible and in ldistended condition they are able to freely allow the passage of liquid therethrough. These holes expand when pressure is applied to the liquid and contract when it is released. AS long as pressure is on the liquid it flows from the ampule Y 10 through the gasket and out through the needle. `When pressure is released the holes close against the inflow of fluid from an infected area into the aseptic liquid when the pressure is released, as will be described more fully below.

A needle supporting nut or thimble 13 is interiorly-threaded at one end to screw on to the extension 6 and has a bore 14 aligned with bore 7. A hollow hypodermic needle 15 is disposed and held in bores 7 and 14.

The barrel 1 is cut away to some extent at 16 and toa larger extent on the opposite side at 17. Through this larger opening 17 there is inserted the ampulelO preferably of glass having a tapered end 18, which before introduction is preferably broken. A plug or piston 19 of soft rubber is in the other end of the ampule. The ampule 10 contains aseptic medicament 20 which is prepared and placed in the ampule and sealed therein under stringently antiseptic conditions. W'hen the ampule is to be placed in the barrel, the sealed end 18, as mentioned above, is broken l off and the lower end of the ampule is seated upon the funnel shaped gasket 9. The chainber in barrel 1 to receive the ampule 10 is necessarily of ample dimensions to permit the insertion of the ampule. When the ampule is inserted in place, simple means are provided to engage and hold fast the lower end18 on its cushioned seat to make a tight joint at that point.,

rllhis ampule clamping means comprises a longitudinal movable member such as sleeve 21, disposed in the upper end of the barrel and having a stem 22 provided with exterior threads 23 with preferably large pitch to engage similar threads on a bore 2st in cap 2. The outer end of stem 22 is provided with a knurled studand socket-head member 25 which permits the plunger of the syringe to move towards the needle as long as pressure is applied thereon, but which prevents the movement away from the needle of the plunger thus preventing the back iow of matter rom the tissue after which the injection is made, into the interior of the ampule. This head 25 in addition to performing the action mentioned, also serves to permit manual exterior operation of the plug 21 to advance or retract it by rotation with respect to the end of the ampule 10.

At the lower end of the plug 22 is a recess 26 to accommodate the head 27 which is screw-threaded on to the end of a piston` rod or plunger 28 which slidably extends through the bore 29 in plug 22 and has an operating handle 80 on its outer end.

Adjacent the end 31 of the plug 22 which `abuts the end of ampule 10 the plug is provided with a depending peripheral rim orflange 32, extending down the side wall of the ampule, the inner face of which is downwardly and outwardly bevelled or flared and serves to abut the upper end of the ampule 10 to better hold it in place. Between the upper end of the barrel 1 and the stem an annular space is provided in which is seated a coiled spring 33, the lower portion of which rest-s on the. shoulder formed at the point vwhere the stem meets the lower portion of 'time to turn the cap 2 todisengage it from the end of the barrel. Since the threads 23 pass through engaged threads on this cap, there is a tendency' to unscrew the cap upon movement of the plug 2l. Pressure of the spring 33 against the under side of the cap tends, however, to hohl it firmly in position against motion that may he imparted to it by the movement of the plug. By thus maintaining it in position, the proper position of the plug is assured so that it will engage and disengage the ampule as desired. lt is plain that if the cap 2 becomes unscrewed a sufficient distance, it will Cause the plug to travel upwardly a sullicient distance so that it cannot engage the ampule upon movement of the head 25. By restraining movement of the cap the spring thus tends to insure the proper engagement of the ampule and to insure accordingly correct functioning of the device. The removable cap with the .spring member holding it in place to avoid accidental disengagement of the :impide-holding member from the ampule. may be employed with or Withoutthe device described below for permitting the plunger to move toward the needle. but preventing movement in the opposite direction. v

The bevelled studand socket-head member 25 comprises a socket head 35 and a studhead 36, as shown more clearli in Fig. 2. The. socket-head lo comprises a subsiantialtv cylindrical bcvellcd portion i? tapering to a boss 3S provided with 'three slots 30. An opening 40 inthe center of the head is for the piston shaft 28. The stud-head :Eil is mounted to move towards and away from the neerazones.

dle'en'd is substantially cylindriciii Vat the bot'-E tom and provided with a sloping surfaceso thatwhen it isassenbled with the'heed 35, the thumb 'andfore inger can rest on the slopingsurfacess of these heads fior s purthe' wall of the aperture is formed'to admit the boss 38 softhat Vthe/slots 39-have Vtheir edgesl restingrespectively-*against the sides offthe fins 42. rlhe stud is provided with three 'bull-beerings 44 sented et Lequi-distant intervals therein and-arranged to move freely. back "and forth through'the wall of the studneer the 'upper lportion thereof. Adapted to press against the under side of the stud head 36-is a coiled spring 45. Fins ld on the stem 22 urenrrsno'edto lie in the extremities ofslots 39 after the heed 36 has'been placed in position'end the fins 42 moved upwardly as -far as'they'iwill go into the. slots. In assembling'thls studand socket-headmember, the heed ispleced in position withfrespeot'to head 36 with the slots lund fins' disposed es inst indicated. The sprin is thenl laced beneeth the stud 4l its upper je gevcontscting with one or more of the fins 42. The'sleeve 2l is' then placed in' position with itsiins .d6 engaging respectively the lower portions' of the ,slots 39.- A

' ring "4T-oi approximately the -dierneter o-s ircle' passing through the outer/edges oi 'the fins 46 having been placed in4 position about these' Y the fins, 'ere inserted in the siots 39 so 'that its'eetsn a recess at 48- ormed ut the lower portion-oi theboss 38 to hold the parts in `assembled position. "lhe interior of the lower wall of the boss-38 is jheveiled corres spon'ding'to al bevel between the ltins 46 s6 'that these 'members willgrip one nnotlueru` -.'When.essembled,the aperture 40 in heed X35; thefcentmlbore of the stud l und the aperture 29- othe sleeve 21-ere-alleligned so that the plunger shaft' may pass there throughsfter: which the head 27 .of .the se. y iju'lhe iinterior of the hesd@ hesswconicsl plunger me vbesrnrewed on. f q v vneming surtsce'Q so that whenthestudgheed movies-away tro @d eesewhen i l torce the plunger iorwe'rd to e'ect thefliquid;

the nesdlein the assembled ues-.summum ing; 11,. netmeeting@ ftheoonicnl:hee,A sur# ce'n" d@ dif-'the pier .Shelf preventmovement; et the she .s'wey' from' the 'needlesI flfl'owrgi-'when' the' "studehesd ismovfed tewsrdftheineedle which will be 'the re is exerted by the'lhend to the :ball-hearings wil'befewey om thewedg ing position end'wiilellow theshefttomove towards-Eine neediejen'df 'long-'es the studehenr B6 rmeiiv*essentielthetsery ins, is advanced at the seme time thatv `eem" infief. notaris-einsame@ freely. ormally the spring'f45 keeps the head 316 -pued upwardly that the plunger werds? the needle: v

if it isdesired towithdmwuie Shaft ami as shown n'vFig. 51': so. 28 -will move freely only to-v piston headfafterthe' shaft has been moved forward to eject the contents of the ampule,

this an done' by placing the thumb and K oreiinger on the slopingsides. of the head 36 and pressing it towards the needle, 'thus moving the 'stud so'that the hall-bearings are s the gasket 9 through the bore 7 und the needle l5: Flow fof liquid throu'ghfthe gasket holes islvpermitted because the pressureeXerted-by the plunger 28 is sulicient todistend these' holes suciently to allow passe e "o'the liquid., The expansion of the rub r! under pressure und its subsequent contreetionlwhen the fpressure vis released @suse these holes to ect as vulves, that is, liquid can pese outwardly since the pressure ofthe lunger is outwardly but liquid is restrsined l om pessingbaek through lthese holes baiseuse-there is insucient ypressure exerted in this direction in use. "1' '1. en the plunger .hesjsdvsfnced e desired distance to expel s sueient quantity of duid pressure of the hand against t 'e handie 30 may be released und instantly thevshat the shaft tney be.

lunger' 28 andfeonicel beeringsuriece .49. s

n this wey theftendeneyothe'pistonend'l shaft't'o recede with' consequent sucking in of Vli uid containing*- toxio or other objectionable su stances fiuto' theeseptie *liquid of the einpule is cheek'led. 1- After the plunger 28 und" piston 19 hnvebeenjforo'ed to' their further-V rnost' osition-in the egnpnuiegi itis desired towitdraw the' shuttgt ethb und fore# nger are laced on thesioping sides' of 1the' heed" 36 Iw rie l x ich is 'depressed,.fwhereuon they: shnftmeybe withdrswn bythe tiene 30. f

byit. i in Fig, 5 is' shown e' stili yiur-ther destiohfnfwhich the oorii is noty lpi'eroed upf are substantially diametrically oppositeone another as here shown.

The gask'et shown in Fig. 4 acts similarly tothat shown in Fig. 3. Liquid flowing from ampule l0 under pressure of the plunger forces the flaps and 5l to open outwardly to allow liquid to flow through the bore 7 and needle l5 and when the pressure ceases these lia ps close against flow of the liquid back into the ampule 10. Similarly the gasket shown in Fig. 5 allows liquid to flow from the ampule l0 through the slits 52 under pressure of the plunger and when the pressure is released the slits close again against entrance of liquid through the passages mentioned.

lVhile I have described my improvements in detail and with respect to preferred forms thereof, I do not desire tol be limited to such details or forms since many changesandmodifirati ons may be made and the improvements embodied in widely different forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in its broader aspects. Hence I desire to cover all modifications and forms coming within the language or scope of any one or more of the appended claims. What I claim is:- l

l. In combination a hypodermic'syringe having a needle, a removable medicament container, a plunger'on a shaftI for driving liquid from the container, a movable containerclamping member and a wedging device engaging said shaft mounted on said member for permitting the plunger to move towards the needle but wedging and preventing movement in the opposite direction.

In combination a hypodermic syringe having a needle, a removable medicament container', a plunger on a shaft for driving liquid from the container, `a movable container-clamping member and a device engaging said lshaft'mounted on said member,'1n

, elndi-iig a wedge, a spring for holdingsaid wedge in position to engage the shaft, for permitting the plunger to. move towards the nee flle but wedging and preventing movement of the plunger in the opposite direct-ion to prevent suction through the needle.

3. In combination, a liypodermic syringe having a needle, a removable ampule of glass or like material sealed at one end by said glass or the like, said end being broken off when the ampnle is used, a plunger' on a shaft for driving liquid from the ampule, a movable ainpule-clamping member and a spring-held device engaging said shaftmounted on said member for permitting the plunger to move towards the needle but preventing movement in the opposite direction. said device includnig a stud and socket, said socket having a.

wedge-shaped bearing surface, said stud having a part bearing tliercagainstand said spring tending to keep said pai't 'forced against -said bearing surface. 5

4. ln combination, a syringe having a essentie frame, a removable liquid medicament tube of glass or like materialv sealed at one end by said glass or material, said end to be broken off when the ampule is used, a needle to receive liquid from the chamber, a plunger for driving liquid from the chamber-and a device for permitting the plunger to -move toward the needle but preventing movement in the opposite direction, and a member operable at will to prevent the operation of said device so that said plunger may be moved away from said needle, and a gasket extending around the forward end of the ampule, and forcing a tight joint with said frame between it and said needle, said gasket having an opening so formed that under normal pressure flow of liquid is obstructed but under increased pressure the opening expands to allow liquid to pass therethrough.

In combination a syringe having a frame, a removable 'liquid medi-cament tube of glass or like material sealed at one end by said glass or material, said end to be brokeli otl' when the ampule is used, a needle to receive liquid from the ampule, a plunger driving liquid from. the chamber, a` device for permitting theplunger to lmove towards the needle but preventing movement in the opposite direction, a studand socket-member, part y of' said member being attached to said frame,

said plunger passing through said studand socket-member, said socket member having a wedge-shaped bearing surface, said stud-` meinber having a part bearing thereagainst, and a resilient member tending to keep said part forced against said Wedge-shaped socket bearing, whereby movement of said lunger away from said needle is prevented by contact of said bearing member with said plunger and said wedge-shaped bearing, and a funnel-shaped gasket forming a tight joint between said frame and said ampule between the end thereof and said needle, .said gasket having its base ierced by holes restraining the passage of liquid into the ainpule but allowing liquid to pass from the ampule upon pressure being exerted thereon by said plunger.

6. In combination, a syringe having a removable ampule, a needle toreceive liquid from saidnampule, :a plunger vfor driving liquid from the ampule,za movable `ampule engaging member, and a dev-ice for permitting the plunger to move towards the needle but preventing y:movement in the opposite direct-ion, comprising stu'dand socket-heads, one of said heads being :attached to said ampule-engaging member, said studand socketheads being bored t0receive said plunger, said stud head Il:-.,-iviiig'v stud-supported ballbeariiiigs,` said socket head having-an interior conical bearing surface againstvwliich said' tion against said conical bearing surface whereby motion of said plun er towards fsaid needle will tend to move ,said bearingsaway from said bearing surface and thus allow the plunger to move easily in that direction but upon tendency of the plunger to move in the opposite direction, said bearings will wedge against said bearing surface-and said plunger to prevent such movement.

7. In combination, a syringe having a removable ampule, a needle. to receive liquid from said ampule, a plunger for driving liquid from the ampule, a movable ampuleengaging member, and a device for permitting the plunger to move towards the needle but preventing Amovement in the opposite direction, comprising stud-'and socket-heads, said socket head being attached to said ampule-engaging member and Xsaid stud-head being mounted to move toward and away from said needle. said heads and member being aligned together and having openingsfor receiving said plunger shaft, said sockethead having an interior conical bearing surface around said shaft,s,aid stud having ballbearings bearing and said bearing surface on the other side so that when said studheadl moves away from said needle, the ball-bearings will wedge against said bearing surface and shaft and prevent movement of the shaft away from the needle, said stud-head upon manual movement towards said needle allowing said shaft to move away from the needle, anda spring on said shaft on one side engagement of the member from the `ampu'le is restrained.

10. AIn combination, a syrin e having a barrel and a removable ampule t erein, said ampule having a piston plug in one end, a re- Amovable cap over one end lofthe barrel, a

able means on the outside of the barrel for p moving said member to abut against the end tending 4tokeep thestud-'head forced away from'the needle to normally prevent movement of the shaft ina direction away from the needle.

8. In combination, a syringe having a barrel and a removable ampule therein, a removable cap at'one end ofsaid barrel, a movable member passing therethrough and abutting against one end of the ampule when in position, means exteriorly of the barrel and connected to said member and manually operable to move it to its loperative and inoperative positions and a resilient member cooperating with said cap to restrain it from movement upon movement of said means, whereby accidental. disengagement of the member from the ampule is restrained.

9. In combination, a syringe having a barrel and a removable ampule therein, a. removable cap on one end of said barrel with a threaded bore therein, a longitudinally movable sleeve within the.end of the barrel adjacent the ampule to bear thereagainst when in position, a threaded. extension on said sleeve passing through the bore and said cap to be manually operated exteriorly of thebarrel to movc the sleeve to its operative and inoperative positions, and a resilient member cooperating with said capto maintain said cap in position, whereby accidental disof the ampule and cause the opposite end of the ampule to press against said packing and a spring cooperating with said cap to. keep it in position, whereby accidentaldisengagement of the member from the ampule is restrained.

In testimony name to this' specification.

MENDEL NEVIN.

whereof I have signed myy rac 

